JAK/STAT信号通路在结直肠肿瘤中的研究进展
| 作 者：李思琪, 罗惠珊, 潘曌玉, 樊珑秀, 钟彩玲 |
| 单 位：广州中医药大学 |
| 基金项目：广州市科技计划项目；广东省中医院国家自然科学基金培育专项；广东省中医院慢病管理专项；广东省中医药防治慢性病重点实验室 |
| 摘 要： |
| 结直肠癌是全球和我国的高发恶性肿瘤，结直肠腺瘤是其重要的癌前病变。JAK/STAT信号通路作为细胞内关键信号转导枢纽，通过调控细胞增殖、分化、免疫应答和代谢重编程，参与结直肠肿瘤的发生、恶变。本文系统综述了JAK/STAT信号通路的组成、生物学功能，重点阐明其在结直肠腺瘤-癌序列进展、肠道菌群-通路相互作用、肿瘤微环境免疫抑制中的核心机制，同时总结该通路靶向药物的临床试验进展和临床转化价值，并分析当前研究的核心挑战、未来方向，以期为结直肠肿瘤的早期筛查、个体化精准治疗提供新思路。 |
| 关键词：结直肠肿瘤； 癌前病变； JAK/STAT信号通路； 肠道菌群 |
Advances in JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Neoplasms
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| Abstract: |
| Colorectal cancer is a highly prevalent malignant tumor worldwide and in China, and colorectal adenoma serves as its critical precancerous lesion. As a core intracellular signal transduction hub, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway participates in the initiation and malignant transformation of colorectal neoplasms by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, immune response and metabolic reprogramming. This article systematically reviewed the composition and biological functions of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, with emphasis on elucidating its central mechanisms in the progression of the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence, the crosstalk between gut microbiota and this pathway, and immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. The clinical trial progress and translational value of targeted agents against this pathway were also summarized, and the major challenges and future research directions were analyzed, aiming to provide novel strategies for early screening and individualized precision therapy of colorectal neoplasms. |
| Keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms; Precancerous Lesions; JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway; Gut Microbiota |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-28 |
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